On his arrival in Madinah, Muhammad (SAW) built the Masjid (mosque) and established the Qibla (direction of prayer) towards Jerusalem.
Muhammad (SAW) faced a challenging and unsettled political environment with tension amongst the Al-Ansar (the Helpers); between Al-Ansar and Al-Muhajirun (Emigrants); a mixture of support and opposition from amongst the polytheists; enmity from the Jews; potential threat from the Bedouins and; the continued scheming of the Makkan Quraish who were trying to build alliances against the Muslims with the Khazraj and Aws tribes of Madinah and with the Jews. It was for this reason that Muhammad (SAW) established a treaty of mutual security amongst the Muslim brotherhood and a treaty of mutual security with the Jews – which included agreement to boycott the Quraish.
It was on Muhammad (SAW) learning of the schemes of war of the Quraish that Allah gave Muhammad (SAW) and his followers permission to go to war[1] and it was a heavily outnumbered Muslim army, assisted by angels[2], that won a miraculous, resounding and enriching victory against the Quraish[3] at Badr; establishing Muhammad’s (SAW) reputation as a military leader.
Please note, the arabic symbol I have been using following Muhammed’s name (SAW) is not coming out properly so I am going to use SAW going forward as short hand for “salaa allah ealayh wasalam”
[1] Qur’an 22:39; 22:41
[2] Qur’an 8:9
[3] Qur’an al-Anfal (Spoils of War)
